Resumo A reconstrução de defeitos cutâneos nasais é um desafio mesmo para um cirurgião dermatológico experiente. Quando o defeito é grande ou demasiado complexo para ser corrigido com retalhos mais simples, os retalhos interpolados são uma boa opção, mas requerem habitualmente dois tempos operatórios. Os retalhos interpolados tunelizados foram desenvolvidos para permitir a reconstrução de defeitos complexos num só tempo cirúrgico. Na reconstrução nasal, os principais retalhos tunelizados são o frontal paramediano e o nasogeniano. Esta revisão incidirá sobre estes dois retalhos: descrição da técnica, aplicações, vantagens e desvantagens.

Abstract The reconstruction of nasal skin defects is a challenge even for an experienced dermatological surgeon. When the defect is too large or complex to be corrected with simpler flaps, interpolated flaps are a good option, but they usually require two surgeries. Tunneled interpolated flaps were developed to allow the reconstruction of complex defects in only one surgical procedure. In nasal reconstruction, the main tunneled flaps are the paramedian forehead and the melolabial flaps. This review will focus on these two flaps: description of the technique, applications, advantages and disadvantages.

Abstract Metastatic ovarian cancer uncommonly presents with skin metastasis. When present, skin metastases of ovarian cancer are usually localized in the vicinity of the primary tumor. We report a case of a 58-year-old woman with a rapid growing erythematous, well-defined nodule localized on the left nasal ala. A skin biopsy was performed and histopathological and immunohistochemical findings were compatible with a cutaneous metastasis of adenocarcinoma. A systematic investigation revealed a bilateral ovarian cystadenocarcinoma associated with visceral dissemination, likely associated with nose cutaneous metastasis. We report a very uncommon case because of the presentation of ovarian carcinoma as cutaneous metastasis. To our knowledge, this atypical localization on the nose has not been described yet in the literature.

Abstract: An 86-year-old woman was referred for treatment of a lentigo maligna melanoma on the left earlobe, confirmed by cutaneous biopsy. The resulting surgical defect involved the earlobe's full thickness. The authors outline a simple method for reconstructing the entire lobe in one stage, without grafts, whilst offering a pleasant appearance. Earlobe deformity may be congenital or, more often, acquired due to trauma, burns or surgery. Ear lobules are an important reference point for facial symmetry and they serve decorative purposes like wearing earrings. Losing them represents an obvious aesthetic abnormality. Several methods developed to reconstruct this deformity have presented various advantages and disadvantages.

FUNDAMENTO: A unha encravada é uma patologia muito frequente. A doença engloba diferentes estadios existindo diferentes soluções terapêuticas. O fenol e o hidróxido de sódio são largamente utilizados na matricetomia química porém ambos cursam com longos tempos de cura. OBJETIVO: O principal objectivo deste estudo prospectivo foi avaliar a eficácia da mactricectomia com ácido tricloroacético a 80% no tratamento da unha encravada. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 133 doentes com 197 unhas encravadas. Factores predisponentes foram avaliados pré-operatoriamente. No período pós-operatório os doentes foram avaliados para potenciais complicações ao dia 3, 30, 180, 270 e 360. A dor foi avaliada antes da cirurgia, 24 horas e 72 horas depois da cirurgia. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram apenas 3 (em 197) casos de recorrência da unha encravada. Antes da cirurgia registou-se exsudação em 82% dos doentes sendo que na primeira visita após a cirurgia este número foi reduzido para 19%. Observou-se ainda tecido de granulação persistente em 3% dos doentes (versus 75% antes da cirurgia). Os factores predisponentes mais frequentemente encontrados para unha encravada foram o corte excessivo da porção lateral da placa ungueal (63%), hiperhidrose plantar (58%) e pregas ungueais espessadas (39%). A dor teve uma redução dramática após a cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: É assumido que os procedimentos químicos para a unha encravada estão associados com longos tempos de cura mas os nossos resultados mostraram uma rápida recuperação. No tratamento da unha encravada a matricectomia parcial com ácido tricloroacético a 80% é um método rápido, eficaz e de fácil execução.

BACKGROUND: Ingrown nails are a very common problem. There are different stages of disease and diverse therapeutic options. Phenol and sodium hydroxide are commonly used agents for chemical matricectomy but both frequently entail excessive healing times. OBJECTIVE: This prospective study aimed mainly to evaluate the efficacy of partial nail avulsion and selective chemical cauterization of the matrix using 80% TCA in the treatment of the ingrowing nail. METHODS: One-hundred-and-thirty-three patients with 197 ingrown toenails were included in this study. Preoperatively, we tried to find predisposing factors to the disease. In the postoperative period, patients were evaluated for potential complications at days 3, 30, 180, 270 and 360. Pain was measured before surgery, as well as 24 hours and 72 hours after surgery. RESULTS: There were only 3 cases (out of 197) of ingrown nail recurrence. Preoperatively, we found the presence of drainage in 82% of patients, which, following the first visit after surgery, was reduced to 19%. Persistent granulation tissue was found in 3% of the patients (versus 75% prior to surgery). The most frequent predisposing factors for the ingrown nail were excessive trimming of the lateral nail plate (63%), plantar hyperhidrosis (58%) and heavy nail folds (39%). Pain was substantially reduced after surgery. CONCLUSION: It is assumed that chemical procedures for the ingrown toenail are associated with delayed healing times but our results demonstrated quick recovery. Using 80% TCA for selective matricectomy in the ingrown toenail is an effective, quick and easy method.